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TopicsAI Sandbagging Chain-of-Thought Monitorability AI Safety

Prompt-induced sandbagging may make chain-of-thought monitoring appear more effective than it is for covert sandbagging.

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Using prompted model organisms for sandbag- ging might increase the likelihood of models verbal- izing their sandbagging plans in their CoT as this information is present in context, thus this might underestimate models’ covert sandbagging capabili- ties.

LLMs Can Covertly Sandbag on Capability Evaluations Against Chain-of-Thought Monitoringconference paperextraction 0.70

Li, Chloe, Phuong, Mary, Siegel, Noah Y. · arXiv.org · Jul 31, 2025 · original

Limitations section on how sandbagging was induced (system-prompt instructions).

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