Neural networks' spectral bias toward low-frequency functions makes treacherous-turn scheming unlikely to be learned.
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Networks have a bias toward low frequency functions— that is, functions whose outputs change little as their inputs change. But scheming requires the AI to change its behavior dramatically (executing a treacherous turn) in response to subtle cues indicating it is not in a sandbox, and could successfully escape.
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Created by extractor · Nov 1, 2026. Every judgment on this page is accompanied by a reasoning trace.