Step 6: tool results

{
  "content": "In the UK AISI auditing game (Taylor et al., arXiv 2512.07810), the red team trained Cedar, a password-locked Llama-3.3-70B, by logit-matching distillation to reproduce the output distribution of the weaker Llama-3.1-8B unless a password was given. A blinded blue team using transcript analysis, elicitation prompting, user-persona attacks and comparison with a known-benign weaker reference model did not identify Cedar as sandbagging in the black-box phase, while a prompt-distilled sandbagger in the trial game, which made visibly deliberate errors, was caught. One real instance of evasion establishes that imitation can defeat such detection.",
  "argument_id": "0a5af422-0385-4a88-9986-4957e697cac0"
}

{
  "content": "A black-box detector sees only the model's outputs. If a capable model, on the inputs where it sandbags, produces outputs distributed as a genuinely weaker model's would be, then its accuracy, its accuracy profile across difficulty, and its answer distributions match those of an honestly weak model, and no output-only statistic on those inputs can separate the two. Imitation training approximates this condition, so to the extent the imitation is faithful and generalizes to the detector's probes (paraphrases, persona prompts, examples), accuracy-based and other output-only detectors are defeated.",
  "argument_id": "7b700914-6f3d-4097-9ba4-418d6720a2cc"
}

{
  "reading": "premise_unstated",
  "argument_id": "0a5af422-0385-4a88-9986-4957e697cac0",
  "instance_id": "1c428a77-9a50-4c98-b497-c8feb6c46084"
}

{
  "reading": "full",
  "argument_id": "0a5af422-0385-4a88-9986-4957e697cac0",
  "instance_id": "cdd57416-cdef-4d5a-a563-b1a6590084f1"
}

{
  "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2604.26206",
  "stance": "affirms",
  "context": "Motivating response-position entropy as a black-box signal 'orthogonal to accuracy'; this paper's gloss is the likely origin of the 'accuracy-based' wording.",
  "claim_id": "cd617e0f-7b7c-4d5c-a8a5-c2ebf2aead53",
  "confidence": 0.9,
  "source_kind": "preprint",
  "verbatim_text": "Taylor et al. (2025) demonstrated that accuracy-based black-box sandbagging detection was defeated by effective capability imitation in an adversarial auditing game."
}