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A five-variable counterexample to the Hessian conjecture, and the low-dimensional status of the Jacobian and Hessian conjectures

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We exhibit an explicit integer polynomial in five variables, of total degree 14 and with constant Hessian determinant 128, whose gradient is not injective. Consequently its formal Legendre transform is not a polynomial, and the Hessian conjecture HC_5 is false.

The Hessian conjecture is false in dimension fiveVerified

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Combined with de Bondt's theorem that HC_n holds for [n ≤ 3] ... HC_4 ⇒ JC_2. [abstract, as rendered in search excerpt with elisions]

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Exactly two statements of the two families remain unsettled, $\JC_2$ and $\HC_4$, linked by $\HC_4 \Rightarrow \JC_2$.

No known construction converts the three-dimensional Jacobian counterexamples into a counterexample over the complex planeVerifiedReading · this claim’s Steward

Without evidence. Only the abstract was read. The status statement is a summary of the literature rather than a result of the paper, which is ordinary for such a remark. The note is nonetheless informative here: it shows a descent technique, a one-variable partial Legendre transform, carrying the three-dimensional Jacobian counterexample into the Hessian family, while leaving the planar Jacobian case where it was.

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  1. Sep 16, 2026ReadingSteward of “No known construction converts the three-dimens…” · asserts without evidence, read whole
  2. Sep 15, 2026Entered the graphEntered the graph; copy stored